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A New Approach To Setting Up Your Monitors
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Old 5th August 2012   #1
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A New Approach To Setting Up Your Monitors

I've read a lot of articles on how speakers should be set up in a studio. They differ from post to post but the general gist is the same.
I haven't found much information though on how to get your speakers into the best position. For those of us on low budgets without custom designed rooms and soffit mounted monitors, I think this method is very useful. It's improved my mixes far more than any other piece of gear has, but then again maybe I'm not a true gearslut!

I originally posted this to my new blog but shortened it down for GS as most people on here are aware of how monitors should be setup. This post is for those who have their monitors in a rough position (equidistant from listener and each other, at 60º, etc). The full article with more information and rambling can be found here. Thoughts/comments/criticism welcomed!

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With the monitors in a rough position and important spots on the floor and ceiling marked with blue masking tape (mix position and rough position of tweeters), I began to adjust my monitors. I began by playing music in mono. By using a stereo source, it will not be possible to correctly balance the monitors as the signal coming from each speaker is different. Luckily, I was able to do this all from the control panel of my interface, though you can do the same using any DAW.

Before touching the monitor positions, I applied a high pass/low cut filter. The frequency and slope of this filter that you use is up to you. I used a 12db or 18db per octave filter set somewhere between 140-200hz (depending on the music being played). I experimented with different filters and frequencies to see which gave the best result. I picked the frequency based on the bass line being played and the tuning of the kick drum. The filter was used to remove (or attenuate) the fundamental frequency while leaving the second harmonic intact. I then sat at the mix position and listened. I adjusted each monitor in turn by small amounts. After each tweak, I would sit down at the mix position again and listen. What I was attempting to do with each tweak of the speakers was improve the clarity of the bass.

Note: The bass will become clearest when the speakers are working together in phase.

When I removed the high pass filter, I felt the earth move. I’d never heard so much bass coming from my tiny Genelecs! I spent a good few hours tweaking and setting up my monitors. If you put in a few hours at the beginning, you’ll save yourself a lot of time with phase and bass issues during a mix.

The theory here is to create as much bass as possible without changing anything but the position of the monitors. The more bass you can attain, the more in phase your speakers will be.

Despite the lack of acoustic bass energy, the brain still recognises the harmonic content of the bass. It reconstructs the fundamental frequency so you can still hear it, you just can’t feel it. This works very well in small and untreated rooms as you don’t have any bass problems while setting up because the bass heard is psychoacoustic, not acoustic.
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Old 7th August 2012   #2
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Interesting!
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Old 7th August 2012   #3
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Quote:
With the monitors in a rough position and important spots on the floor and ceiling marked with blue masking tape (mix position and rough position of tweeters), I began to adjust my monitors.

I adjusted each monitor in turn by small amounts. After each tweak, I would sit down at the mix position again and listen. What I was attempting to do with each tweak of the speakers was improve the clarity of the bass.

without changing anything but the position of the monitors. The more bass you can attain, the more in phase your speakers will be.

Could you be more specific about what these adjustments and tweaks consist of? left-right? forward and back? angle? Do you move the speakers one at a time or try to move them symmetrically together? Is there a systematic way you are approaching the adjustments? Or are you just winging it?

Did you find yourself going "past" the optimal position? How do you 'get back' if you do?
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Old 7th August 2012   #4
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Quote:
Originally Posted by JamieOxford View Post

The theory here is to create as much bass as possible without changing anything but the position of the monitors. The more bass you can attain, the more in phase your speakers will be.
...or you might have found a position where the modes in your room are emphasized the most. Which in itself wouldn't be helpful at all.

As much bass as possible with changing monitor position is dead easy. Put them into the corner..

So, I'm not sure your theory works.
But if the result in the real world works in your room, all power to you!
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Old 7th August 2012   #5
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The only way to be sure you have the best monitor position is to use a measurement microphone (doesn't have to be expensive) and test the different options for monitoring and speaker position using something like Fuzzmeasure.
FuzzMeasure Pro 3

Anything else is just guesswork.
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Old 7th August 2012   #6
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Could you be more specific about what these adjustments and tweaks consist of?
It completely depends upon where your monitors are set up in the first place. I set mine up using a tape measure to get them in a rough position. From there I adjusted the angle of each speaker to try and get the bass to 'pop out' of the speakers. You'll hear when the angle is correct because the bass will become much clearer due to the speakers being more in phase.

Note: I try and keep the angle of the speakers the same when moving them because I noticed that changing the angle of the speakers destroys the image much quicker than moving them forward/backward/left/right. Because everything is in mono, you're trying to create a perfect balance between the speakers so that the information appears directly between the two speakers. You can use your eyes to try and match them better at first, but rely on your ears to get them into the final position.

One side will feel more natural than the other. For example, if the left speaker is closer than the right, it will sound louder (because of the haas effect). I adjust the speaker that doesn't sound right while constantly keeping the other speaker in place for reference.

If the left speaker is the one that sounds more natural (and is louder), move the right one closer towards you to balance them. If the right speaker sounds more natural (and is quieter), move the left one back. I think forward and back will make more of a difference here than left and right because you can always move your head a little to the left and right while tweaking the speaker positions. Obviously adjust them left and right as well, but try and get the forward/backward position as best as you can first.

Once you have the speakers in what seems to be the optimal position, put on some other music, try listening with the high pass filter off - does the bass sound much larger than before? Does something seem off in the balance? Try putting the filter back in and see if your suspicions are correct - if not, it could just be a problem in the room acoustics.

TAKE A BREAK. Make yourself a cup of tea, let your ears readjust and go back and try it again.

Don't worry if you get it perfect and then screw the whole image up again - it's something to learn from. Don't be afraid to move them and experiment. At the end of the day, if you got them into that position in the first place, you can do it again.

Because this technique is based on the sum of the two speakers, once you pass the optimal position, you'll hear it because the bass will appear to disappear. The harmonics will fade into the background.

Sit down, listen again and try and get the speakers back into position. Base everything on what sounds right, not what looks right.
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Old 7th August 2012   #7
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As much bass as possible with changing monitor position is dead easy. Put them into the corner..
Whenever I'm moving the speakers, I'm doing so with a high pass/low cut filter in place. No actual bass energy in being produced by the speakers, but that doesn't mean you can't hear the bass psychoacoustically. What I'm trying to do here is increase the apparent amount of bass, not create standing waves!

Quote:
The only way to be sure you have the best monitor position is to use a measurement microphone
I agree completely. I'm not saying you shouldn't test your room. I simply haven't done mine yet due to time and budget restrictions…

Again, this method is intended for getting your speakers into the best position using the best microphone available (your ears).

YMMV but I've had good experiences using this technique and hope others will too. This is a confusing thing to try and explain (especially when you have trouble explaining things anyway) but I'm happy to answer any questions.
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Old 7th August 2012   #8
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Sounds like basically positioning your speakers to be as phase coherent in the listening position as possible. I think not unusual. But to do it with a hipass....might try to see whether I am missing something, but not expecting any hidden gains to be honest......another thing is the directionality of the speakers, which will command the angle.

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Old 7th August 2012   #9
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As I used to setup a lot of speaker, I applied it on my own monitors. My monitors is along the wider length of the room. They are position at 1/3 - 2/5 away from the walls. I don't apply the filters until I have no way to work around position of the monitors.
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Old 7th August 2012   #10
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My approach is more organic than the one described here. I start with some tape marks on the floor, one that shows the room right-to-left center line and a couple that are a symmetrical starting points for the monitors. I know how various gurus set up and I typically listen to a new room using those guidelines, but I am not constrained by them. One thing I shoot for is improving detail at low playback levels. Another is the ability to hear dynamic contrasts across the entire volume range. And then there is soundstaging... A well-recorded orchestral piece - minimally mic'ed - is really valuable here. The violins can be so revealing of what's happening in the midrange. Say what you want about the bass, but first and foremost, I want the midrange right.
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