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Originally Posted by Gilliland However, MS and XY are interchangeable, at least in theory. With "perfect" microphones in "perfect" coincident postion, MS and XY can be shown to be mathematically identical - once you decode MS into normal stereo, the resulting stereo is exactly what you'd get if you had used XY in the first place. And it would be equally possible to convert XY to MS (though I can't see why you'd want to).
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The reason to convert XY to MS is to be able to apply processing to either the mid or side of a stereo track separately. For instance, if you want to bring up a vocal that's in the middle, but you don't want to affect the guitar that's in the right channel, by coding into m/s, you can eq the m, then decode back into xy. All kinds of things can be done like this.
Edwin