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Expansion is the opposite of compression. If the expander is after a gate, then it probably expands the sound under the (gates) threshold downward so everything sounds smoother... so you don't end up with on -- off -- on --off when the gate is working. It becomes on -- 1/4 off -- 1/2 off -- off -- 1/2 off -- 1/4 off -- on again. Basically expansion just increases the dB difference between the peak level and the minimum level. There may be a ratio control like a compressor, but the values would be opposite of compression; if you normally might compress at 2:1 or 4:1, an expander's ratio would be 1:2 or 1:4...
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